Umuntu yari yabajije uwashushanyije urugo: ninde wahindura niba ushaka guhindura ikirere cyicyumba uhindura ibikoresho bimwe gusa?Igishushanyo mbonera gisubiza: intebe
Intebe ya Panton ， 1960
Ibishushanyo |Verner Panton
Intebe ya Panton nigishushanyo kizwi cyane cya Verner Panton, umunyamideli ukomeye wo muri Danemarike, ukunda kugerageza amabara nibikoresho.Iyi ntebe ya Danemark yatewe inkunga n'indobo za pulasitike zegeranye, zakozwe mu 1960, ni yo ntebe ya mbere ya pulasitike ku isi ikozwe mu gice kimwe.Kuva gusama, gushushanya, ubushakashatsi niterambere, kugeza umusaruro mwinshi,.byatwaye hafi imyaka 12, gusenya cyane.
Ubukuru bwa Panton bushingiye ku kuba yaratekereje gukoresha ibiranga ibikoresho bya pulasitiki, byoroshye kandi byoroshye.Kubwibyo, intebe ya Panton ntigomba guterana nkizindi ntebe, kandi intebe yose ni igice gusa, byose bikozwe mubintu bimwe.Ibi kandi bishushanya ko igishushanyo cyintebe cyinjiye mu cyiciro gishya.Amabara akungahaye hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwo gushushanya bituma intebe yose isa nkiyoroshye ariko ntabwo yoroshye, kubwibyo, intebe ya Panton nayo ifite izina ry "intebe imwe yimibonano mpuzabitsina ku isi".
Intebe ya Panton ifite imyambarire nuburyo bugaragara, hamwe nubwoko bwiza kandi bwiza bwubwiza, imiterere yacyo nziza kandi nziza ihuye numubiri wumuntu neza, ibyo byose bituma intebe ya Panton igenda neza ihinduka intambwe ya revolution mumateka yibikoresho bigezweho.
Yiyeguriye kurwanya imigenzo, Panton ahora acukura ibikoresho nubuhanga bushya.Ibikorwa bya Bwana Panton bikungahaye ku mabara, imiterere itangaje kandi yuzuye ibitekerezo bya futurism, kandi bifite ubushishozi bugera kure mu guhanga, imiterere no gukoresha amabara.Kubwibyo, azwi kandi nk "" umuhanga mu guhanga udushya mu kinyejana cya 20 ".
BomboSigikoresho
Ibishushanyo |Stefano Giovannoni
Abantu bamwe bavuga ko igishushanyo cya Giovannoni gifite ubwoko bukurura abantu, ibishushanyo bye biri kwisi yose, bishobora kugaragara ahantu hose, kandi byinjira, bigahindura ubuzima bwabantu, bityo, azwi nk "umutunzi wubutunzi bwigihugu cyUbutaliyani".
Intebe ya Bombo ni kimwe mu bikorwa bye bizwi cyane, bikunzwe cyane ku buryo byandukuwe ku isi yose.Imirongo ifite imbaraga kandi izengurutse, imiterere yikirahure ya cocktail, ibintu bigaragara biracyari ibintu bishya mubitekerezo byabantu.Stefano Giovannoni akora kandi filozofiya ye bwite: "ibicuruzwa nibuka amarangamutima n'ubuzima".
Giovannoni yizera ko igishushanyo nyacyo gikora ku mutima, kigomba gushobora kwerekana ibyiyumvo, kwibuka kwibuka no guha abantu ibitunguranye.Igishushanyo mbonera kigomba kwerekana isi ye yumwuka binyuze mubikorwa bye, kandi nagerageje kuvugana niyi si nkoresheje ibishushanyo byanjye.
"Ibyifuzo n'ibisabwa n'abaguzi ni ababyeyi b'ibishushanyo mbonera byacu".
"Agaciro kanjye ntabwo guha isi intebe nini cyangwa igikombe cy'imbuto gitangaje, ahubwo ni uguha abakiriya guhekenya ubuzima bufite agaciro ku ntebe nini."
—— Giovannoni
Intebe ya Barcelona, 1929
Ibishushanyo |Mies van der Rohe
Yakozwe numudage wubudage Mies van der Rohe.Mies van der Rohe yari perezida wa gatatu wa Bauhaus, kandi ijambo rizwi cyane mu bice by’ibishushanyo "Bike ni byinshi".
Iyi ntebe nini kandi yerekana neza icyubahiro kandi cyiyubashye.Ikibuga cy’Abadage muri World Expo cyari umurimo uhagarariye Mies, ariko kubera igitekerezo cyihariye cyo gushushanya inyubako, nta bikoresho byo mu nzu byari bihuye na byo, bityo, yagombaga gushushanya byimazeyo Intebe ya Barcelona kugira ngo yakire Umwami n'Umwamikazi.
Irashyigikirwa na arc umusaraba umeze nk'icyuma kitagira umuyonga, kandi udukariso tubiri tw'urukiramende tugize ubuso bw'intebe (cushion) n'inyuma.Igishushanyo cyiyi ntebe ya Barcelona cyateje icyo gihe, kandi imiterere yacyo yari isa nigicuruzwa cyo gusama.
Kubera ko yagenewe umuryango wibwami, urwego rwo guhumuriza ni rwiza cyane.Uruzitiro rwose rw'uruhu rwakozwe mu buryo bwihariye bukozwe mu mpu z'ihene zakozwe n'intoki zipfundikiriye ku ifuro ryinshi cyane, bigatuma rigira itandukaniro rikomeye ugereranije n'ikirenge cy'intebe, kandi bigatuma intebe ya Barcelona irushaho gukomera kandi nziza kandi ihinduka ikimenyetso cy'imiterere n'icyubahiro.Rero, yari izwi nka Rolex na Rolls-Royce mu ntebe zo mu kinyejana cya 20.
Intebe ya Louis Ghost, 2002
Ibishushanyo |Phillippe Starck
Philippe Starck, watangiye gushushanya imbere muri clubs za nijoro za Paris, maze amenyekana cyane mubikoresho byo mu nzu no gushushanya bikozwe muri plastiki isobanutse yitwa Lucite.
Guhuza iyi miterere ya kera hamwe nibikoresho bigezweho bibonerana bituma intebe yizimu yinjizwa muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo gushushanya, kimwe na piramide ya kirisiti imbere ya Louvre, ivuga amateka kandi ikamurikira urumuri rw'iki gihe.
Muri Gashyantare 2018, Intebe ya Louis Ghost yabaye “Intebe y'Umwamikazi” wa Elizabeth II wo mu Bwongereza mu cyumweru cy’imyambarire ya London.
Intebe ya Diamond, 1952
Ibishushanyo |Harry Bertoia
Iyakozwe numucuzi Harry Bertoia, izwi cyane nka Diamond Intebe.Kandi ntabwo yakozwe nka diyama gusa, ahubwo inasa na diyama kugirango igere ku ntego ya "Intebe imwe ihoraho iteka ryose", yabaye nziza cyane mu binyejana byashize bishize, ntabwo yigeze ita igihe.Kubwibyo, bizwi cyane nk "igishusho cyiza" n'abantu.
ibikorwa byo gutunganya amafoto yintebe ya Diamond
Imiterere isa nkibisanzwe kandi yoroshye, ariko umusaruro urarambiranye cyane.Buri murongo w'icyuma uhujwe n'intoki, hanyuma ugasudira umwe umwe kugirango ugere ku ngaruka zo kuvuga neza no gutuza.
Kubakusanyirizo benshi babikunda, Intebe ya Diamond ntabwo ari intebe gusa, ahubwo ni inzu ishushanya murugo.Isudira mu cyuma, kandi ifite imyumvire ikomeye.Igishushanyo mbonera kigikora nkikirere kandi cyinjijwe neza mumwanya.Nibikorwa byiza byubuhanzi.
Intebe ya Eames Lounge na Ottoman, 1956
Ibishushanyo |Charles Eames
Intebe ya Eames salo yakomotse ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe na pande yakozwe na couple ya Eames, kandi yari no mu rwego rwo guhaza icyifuzo rusange cy'intebe zo mu cyumba cyo hejuru cyo mu cyumba cyo kuraramo.
Intebe ya Eames yashyizwe ku rutonde rwa kimwe mu bishushanyo byiza ku isi mu 2003, naho muri ICFF mu 2006, nacyo gicuruzwa gishimishije kandi kibengerana, kandi cyegukana igihembo cya Academy maze kiba impano y'amavuko y'umuyobozi w'amafirime uzwi cyane Billy Wilder .Nintebe yinzu yinyenyeri yo murugo rwacu Jay Chou, kandi ni ibikoresho byo muri villa yumugabo wigihugu Wang Sicong.
Intebe y'Ibinyugunyugu, 1954
Ibishushanyo |Sori Yanagi
Ikinyugunyugu cyateguwe n'Ubuyapani umuhanga mu by'inganda Sori Yanagi mu 1956.
Igishushanyo nimwe mubikorwa bya Sori Yanagi byatsinze.Nikimenyetso cyibicuruzwa byubuyapani bigezweho, ariko kandi ni igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana imico yuburasirazuba nuburengerazuba.
Ikinyugunyugu kigereranya Ubuyapani.Kuva ryasohoka mu 1956, ryamamaye cyane haba mu Buyapani ndetse no mu mahanga, kandi ryabaye icyegeranyo gihoraho na MOMA i New York ndetse na Centre Pompidou i Paris.
Bwana Sori yahuye na Bwana Kanzaburo mu kigo gikora ibiti i Sendai icyo gihe atangira gukora ubushakashatsi kuri pisine.Aha hantu nubu nababanjirije gukora ibiti bya Tiantong.
Ibishushanyo byahujije imikorere nubukorikori gakondo muri iyi pande ya pisine ya Butterfly Stool, irihariye.Ntabwo ikoresha uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo mu Burengerazuba, kandi kwibanda ku ngano z'ibiti byerekana gakondo y'Abayapani bakunda ibikoresho bisanzwe.
Mu 1957, intebe ya Butterfly yegukanye igihembo kizwi cyane cya "Zahabu Compass" mu marushanwa yo gushushanya ya Milan Triennial Design, akaba aribwo buryo bwa mbere bwakozwe mu nganda z’inganda mu Buyapani mu rwego mpuzamahanga.
Gukora ibiti bya Tiantong byashyizeho pande ikora tekinoroji yo gutunganya ibiti kugirango ibice bito.Tekinoroji yo gusya ibikoresho byumuvuduko no gukora bishyushye byari tekinoroji yambere yinganda zinganda muri kiriya gihe, zatezimbere cyane ibiranga ibiti no guteza imbere ibikoresho byo mu nzu.
Bikosowe nuburyo butatu bwumuringa wumuringa, hamwe nubuhanga buhebuje kandi bworoshye bwerekana ubwiza bwa minimalist estestique yuburasirazuba butagaragara kandi bugaragara, kandi butanga ingaruka zumucyo, ubwiza na chic nkibinyugunyugu, bisenya sisitemu yo kubaka ibikoresho byahozeho.
Intebe ya Shell ifite amaguru 3, 1963
Ibishushanyo |Hans J · Wegner
Wegner yagize ati: "Birahagije gushushanya intebe imwe nziza mu buzima bwe ... Ariko mu byukuri birakomeye".Ariko gutsimbarara ku gukora intebe nziza nibyo byatumye atangira ubuzima bwe bwose gushushanya intebe no kwegeranya imirimo irenga 500.
Izi nzira 2 zica amategeko mugukuraho amaboko no kwagura intebe yintebe bitanga umwanya mugari wo kwicara neza.Impera zombi zifunze gato zizakirwa cyane abantu muri zo kandi biha abantu umutekano wumutekano kumutima.
Iyi ntebe ya Shell isanzwe ntabwo yabayeho ijoro ryose.Igihe yatangwaga mu imurikagurisha ry’ibikoresho byo mu mujyi wa Copenhagen mu 1963, ryakiriwe neza ariko ntirigura ibicuruzwa ku buryo umusaruro wahagaritswe nyuma yigihe cyo kwerekana.Kugeza mu 1997, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, inganda nshya n’ikoranabuhanga rishya birashobora kugenzura neza igiciro cy’umusaruro, iyi ntebe ya Shell yongeye kugaragara mu maso y’abantu, kandi yatsindiye ibihembo byinshi by’ibishushanyo n’abakiriya.
Iki gicuruzwa cyakozwe na Wegner wakoresheje ibyiza bya pani kurenza urugero, ukoresha ibice bitatu gusa, bityo, yari izina "intebe yimigeri itatu".Gutunganya ibiti mukoresheje igitutu kugirango uhe intebe umurongo mwiza usa nkumwenyura.
Intebe y'ibirenge ifite amaguru atatu yitiriwe "Smile Intebe" kubera uburinganire bwayo bwiza, busa no kumwenyura ususurutse.Isura yayo imwenyura yerekana ingaruka zidasanzwe-eshatu zigoramye, nkamababa yoroheje kandi yoroshye ahagarara mukirere.Iyi ntebe ya shell ifite amabara meza, kandi umurongo wacyo mwiza utuma 360 ° idafite inguni zapfuye.
Intebe y amagi, 1958
Ibishushanyo |Arne Jacobsen
Iyi ntebe yamagi igaragara cyane ahantu hatandukanye ho kwidagadura, ni igihangano cyumuhanga wo gushushanya ibikoresho byo muri Danemarike - Jacobsen.Iyi ntebe yamagi ihumekwa nintebe ya nyababyeyi, ariko imbaraga zo gupfunyika ntabwo zikomeye nkintebe ya nyababyeyi kandi ni nini cyane.
Iyi ntebe ya Egg yashinzwe mu 1958 mu gace ka lobby no kwakirwa na Royal Hotel i Copenhagen, ni umurimo uhagarariye ibikoresho byo muri Danemarike ubu.Nka ntebe ya nyababyeyi, iyi ntebe yamagi nintebe nziza yo kuruhuka.Kandi nayo ni nziza cyane kandi nziza mugihe ikoreshwa mugushushanya.
Intebe ya Swan, 1958
Ibishushanyo |Arne Jacobsen
Intebe ya Swan ni ibikoresho bya kera byateguwe na Jacobson kuri Royal Hotel ya Scandinavian Airlines rwagati muri Copenhagen mu mpera za 1950.Igishushanyo cya Jacobson gifite imiterere ikomeye yubushushanyo hamwe nururimi rwo kwerekana imiterere, ihuza ibishushanyo byubusa kandi byoroshye hamwe nibisanzwe biranga igishushanyo cya Nordic kandi bigatuma umurimo utunga ibintu byombi biranga imiterere idasanzwe nuburyo bwuzuye.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya kera kiracyafite igikundiro kidasanzwe muri iki gihe.Intebe ya Swan nigishushanyo cyimyambarire yubuzima nuburyohe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-16-2022