Othile wayebuze umklami wezindlu: yimuphi ongawushintsha uma ungathanda ukushintsha umoya wegumbi ngokushintsha ifenisha eyodwa kuphela?Umklami uyaphendula: izihlalo
Panton Chair, 1960
Umklami |Verner Panton
I-Panton Chair iwumklamo odume kakhulu ka-Verner Panton, umklami wase-Danish onethonya elikhulu, othanda ukuhlola imibala nezinto zokwakha.Sikhuthazwe amabhakede epulasitiki astakiwe, lesi sihlalo sase-Danish, esakhiwa ngo-1960, siyisihlalo sokuqala sepulasitiki emhlabeni esenziwe ngocezu olulodwa.Kusukela ekukhulelweni, ekuklameni, ekucwaningeni nasekuthuthukisweni, kuya ekukhiqizweni ngobuningi, yiyokwathatha iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-12, ivukela umbuso kakhulu.
Ubukhulu bukaPanton bulele ekutheni wayecabanga ukusebenzisa izici zepulasitiki, ezinwebekayo futhi ezithambile.Ngakho-ke, isihlalo se-Panton akudingeki sihlanganiswe njengezinye izihlalo, futhi sonke isihlalo siyingxenye, zonke zenziwe ngezinto ezifanayo.Lokhu kuphinde kufanekisela ukuthi ukuklanywa kwesihlalo sekungene esigabeni esisha.Imibala ecebile kanye nomklamo omuhle wokuhleleka komumo kwenza isihlalo sonke sibukeke silula kodwa singelula, ngakho-ke, isihlalo sePanton sinedumela "lesihlalo esisodwa esimnandi kunazo zonke emhlabeni".
Isihlalo sikaPanton siphethe imfashini nokubukeka okuphanayo, futhi uhlobo lomugqa oqephuzayo nohloniphekile wobuhle, ukwakheka kwawo okunethezekile nokunethezeka kufanelana nomzimba womuntu kahle kakhulu, konke lokhu kwenza isihlalo sikaPanton sibe impumelelo eguquguqukayo emlandweni wefenisha yesimanje.
Ezinikele ekuphonseni inselelo isiko, uPanton uhlala emba izinto ezintsha namasu.Imisebenzi kaMnu. Panton inothile ngemibala, izimo ezinhle futhi igcwele umuzwa wekusasa, futhi inombono ofinyelela kude ekudaleni, ukuma kanye nokusebenzisa umbala.Ngakho-ke, waziwa nangokuthi "umklami wokudala kakhulu ekhulwini lama-20".
BomboSithuluzi
Umklami |UStefano Giovannoni
Abanye abantu bathi umklamo kaGiovannoni unohlobo oluthile lokukhanga, imiklamo yakhe isemhlabeni wonke, ingabonakala yonke indawo, futhi ingena ngaphakathi, ishintsha ukuphila kwabantu, ngaleyo ndlela, uyaziwa ngokuthi "umklami wengcebo kazwelonke wase-Italy".
I-Bombo Chair ingenye yemisebenzi yakhe eyaziwa kakhulu, ethandwa kakhulu kangangokuthi isikopishwe emhlabeni wonke.Imigqa enamandla neyindilinga, isimo sengilazi ye-cocktail, izici ezicacile kuseyizinkumbulo ezintsha engqondweni yabantu.UStefano Giovannoni naye usebenzisa ifilosofi yakhe yokuklama: "imikhiqizo iyinkumbulo yemizwa nokuphila".
U-Giovannoni ukholelwa ukuthi umklamo wangempela uthinta inhliziyo, kufanele ukwazi ukuveza imizwa, ukhumbule izinkumbulo futhi unikeze izimanga kubantu.Umklami kufanele aveze umhlaba wakhe ongokomoya ngemisebenzi yakhe, futhi bengizama ukuxhumana nalo mhlaba ngemiklamo yami.
"Izifiso nezimfuno zabathengi zingabazali bogqozi lwethu lokuklama".
"Inani lami aligcini nje ngokunikeza umhlaba isihlalo esihle noma isitsha sezithelo esimangalisayo, kodwa ukunikeza amakhasimende ithuba lokuhlafuna ukuphila esitulweni esikhulu."
—— Giovannoni
Usihlalo we-Barcelona, ngo-1929
Umklami |Mies van der Rohe
Yadalwa ngumklami waseJalimane uMies van der Rohe.UMies van der Rohe wayengumongameli wesithathu we-Bauhaus, futhi isisho esidumile emibuthanweni yokuklama "Less is more" sashiwo nguye.
Lesi sihlalo esikhulukazi naso siveza ngokusobala isimo esihle nesihloniphekile.I-German Pavilion e-World Expo yayiwumsebenzi omele u-Mies, kodwa ngenxa yombono oyingqayizivele womklamo wokwakha, yayingekho ifenisha efanelekile yokufanisa, ngakho, kwakudingeka aklame ngokukhethekile uSihlalo we-Barcelona ukuze amukele iNkosi neNdlovukazi.
Isekelwa uhlaka lwensimbi engenasici olunesiphambano se-arc, futhi amaphedi amabili esikhumba angamanxande akha ingaphezulu lesihlalo (umcamelo) nangemuva.Ukuklanywa kwalesi sihlalo se-Barcelona kwabangela ukuzwa ngaleso sikhathi, futhi isimo saso sasifana nomkhiqizo wokukhulelwa.
Njengoba yakhelwe umndeni wasebukhosini, izinga lokunethezeka lihle kakhulu.Umcamelo wesikhumba wangempela we-lattice wenziwe ngokukhethekile ngesikhumba sembuzi esenziwe ngezandla esimbozwe igwebu eliwugqinsi, okwenza ube nomehluko oqinile uma uqhathaniswa nengxenye yonyawo lwesihlalo, futhi wenza isihlalo seBarcelona sibe nesizotha nesinhle kakhudlwana futhi sibe uphawu lwesimo. kanye nesithunzi.Ngakho-ke, yaziwa ngokuthi iRolex neRolls-Royce phakathi kwezihlalo ngekhulu lama-20.
Louis Ghost Chair, ngo-2002
Umklami |UPhilippe Starck
U-Philippe Starck, owaqala ukuklama izindawo zangaphakathi zama-nightclub aseParis, futhi waduma ngefenisha nokuhlobisa okwenziwe ngepulasitiki ecacile ebizwa ngokuthi i-Lucite.
Inhlanganisela yalesi simo se-classical kanye nezinto zesimanje ezisobala kuvumela isihlalo sesipoki ukuba sihlanganiswe kunoma yisiphi isitayela sokuklama, njengephiramidi yekristalu ephambi kweLouvre, elandisa umlando futhi ikhanyise ukukhanya kwale nkathi.
NgoFebhuwari 2018, uSihlalo kaLouis Ghost waba “Usihlalo Wendlovukazi” ka-Elizabeth II wase-United Kingdom eLondon Fashion Week.
Usihlalo weDayimane, ngo-1952
Umklami |UHarry Bertoia
Idalwe umqophi uHarry Bertoia, yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi uSihlalo weDayimane.Futhi abunjwe njengedayimane nje kuphela, kodwa futhi njengedayimane ukuze kufinyelelwe ekuzuzeni "isihlalo esisodwa esihlala unomphela", bekulokhu kudayiswa kakhulu esikhathini esidlulile sekhulunyaka, alikaze liphelelwe yisikhathi.Ngakho-ke, abantu baziwa ngokuthi "izithombe ezinhle kakhulu".
izithombe zenqubo yokukhiqiza yesitulo seDayimane
Isakhiwo sibonakala singokwemvelo futhi sibushelelezi, kodwa ukukhiqizwa kuyisicefe ngokwedlulele.Umugqa ngamunye wensimbi uxhunywe ngesandla, bese ushisela ngamunye ngamunye ukuze ufinyelele imiphumela yokushelela nokuzinza.
Kubaqoqi abaningi abayithandayo, Isihlalo seDayimane asisona nje isihlalo, kodwa futhi siyisisetshenziswa sokuhlobisa ekhaya.Ishiselwe ngensimbi, futhi inomqondo oqinile wokubaza.Idizayini engenalutho iyenza ifane nomoya futhi ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele esikhaleni.Kungumsebenzi wobuciko ophelele.
Usihlalo we-Eames Lounge kanye ne-Ottoman, ngo-1956
Umklami |Charles Eames
Isihlalo se-Eames lounge sasungulwa ocwaningweni lweplywood olubunjiwe lwemibhangqwana yakwa-Eames, futhi lwaluhlose ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esivamile sezihlalo zokuphumula ezisezingeni eliphezulu egumbini lokuhlala labantu.
Isihlalo segumbi lokuphumula i-Eames safakwa ohlwini lweMiklamo Enhle Kakhulu Emhlabeni ngo-2003, futhi ku-ICFF ngo-2006, siphinde sibe ngumkhiqizo odonsa amehlo futhi ocwebezelayo, futhi sawina i-Academy Award futhi saba isipho sosuku lokuzalwa lomqondisi wamafilimu odumile uBilly Wilder. .Kuphinde kube yisihlalo sobukhosi sasekhaya sesihlabani sasekhaya u-Jay Chou, futhi kuyifenisha endlini yomyeni kazwelonke u-Wang Sicong.
I-Butterfly Stool, ngo-1954
Umklami |Sori Yanagi
I-Butterfly Stool yaklanywa umpetha womklamo wezimboni waseJapan uSori Yanagi ngo-1956.
Lo mklamo ungomunye wemisebenzi ephumelele kakhulu ka-Sori Yanagi.Kuwuphawu lwemikhiqizo yezimboni yesimanje yaseJapan, kodwa futhi idizayini emele ukuhlangana kwamasiko aseMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga.
Isihlalo sovemvane esimele i-Japan.Kusukela yakhululwa ngo-1956, iye yanconywa kakhulu e-Japan nakwamanye amazwe, futhi ibe yiqoqo elihlala njalo le-MOMA eNew York kanye ne-Center Pompidou eParis.
UMnu. Sori wahlangana noMnu. Kanzaburo esikhungweni sokusebenza ngokhuni e-Sendai ngaleso sikhathi futhi waqala ukucwaninga nge-plywood yokubumba.Le ndawo manje ingeyandulela i-Tiantong woodworking.
Umklami uhlanganise ukusebenza kahle kanye nobuciko bezandla bendabuko kule plywood Butterfly Stool ebunjiwe, iyingqayizivele ngempela.Ayisebenzisi noma yisiphi isitayela saseNtshonalanga, futhi ukugcizelelwa kokusanhlamvu kokhuni kubonisa okuthandwayo kwamaJapane okungokwesiko ezintweni zemvelo.
Ngo-1957, i-Butterfly stool yawina umklomelo odumile we-"Golden Compass" ku-Milan Triennial Design Competition, okuwumklamo wokuqala womkhiqizo wezimboni waseJapane emkhakheni wokuklama wamazwe ngamazwe.
I-Tiantong woodworking yethule ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula i-plywood ukuze isike izinkuni zibe izingcezu ezincane.Ubuchwepheshe bokucindezela ithuluzi lokugaya kanye nokwakhiwa okushisayo kwakuyindlela ehamba phambili kakhulu yobuchwepheshe bezimboni ngaleso sikhathi, okwathuthukisa kakhulu izici zokhuni kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamafomu efenisha.
Ilungiswa ngabathintwayo abathathu bobakaki bethusi, kanye nendlela enhle nelula iveza ubuhle be-Oriental minimalist ngokugqamile nangokucacile, futhi idlulisa umthelela wokukhanya, ubuhle kanye ne-chic njengovemvane, ephula uhlelo lwangaphambilini lokwakha ifenisha.
3-Legged Shell Chair, 1963
Umklami |Hans J·Wegner
U-Wegner uthe: "Kwanele ukuklama isihlalo esisodwa esihle empilweni yomuntu ... Kodwa kunzima kakhulu".Kodwa kwaba ukuphikelela kwakhe ekwenzeni isihlalo esikahle okwamholela ekubeni anikele impilo yakhe yonke ekuklameni izihlalo futhi aqongelele imisebenzi engaphezu kuka-500.
Lezi zindlela ezi-2 zokuphula umthetho ngokususa izindawo zokubeka izingalo kanye nokwandiswa kwendawo yesihlalo zinikeza isikhala esibanzi sokuhlala okunethezekile okuhlukahlukene.Imikhawulo emibili esonteke kancane izokwakwa ngokujulile abantu abakuyo futhi inikeze abantu umuzwa omkhulu wokulondeka enhliziyweni.
Lesi sihlalo sakudala sakwaShell asenzekanga ngobusuku obubodwa.Ngenkathi yethulwa e-Copenhagen Furniture Fair ngo-1963, yathola ukubuyekezwa okuhle kodwa alikho i-oda lokuthenga njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwamiswa isikhathi esithile ngemva kokwethulwa.Kuze kube ngu-1997, ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, izimboni ezintsha nobuchwepheshe obusha zingakwazi ukulawula izindleko zokukhiqiza kahle kakhulu, lesi sihlalo sakwaShell saphinde savela emehlweni abantu, futhi sawina inqwaba yemiklomelo yokuklama namakhasimende.
Lo mkhiqizo oklanywe u-Wegner owasebenzisa izinzuzo ze-plywood ngokwedlulele, sebenzisa izingxenye ezintathu kuphela, ngakho-ke, kwakuyigama elithi "isihlalo segobolondo esinemilenze emithathu".Ukucutshungulwa kokhuni ngokucindezela ngesitimu ukunikeza isihlalo ijika elihle elibukeka njengokumomotheka.
Isihlalo samagobolondo esinemilenze emithathu siteketiswa ngokuthi "Isitulo Esimamatheka" ngenxa yejika laso elihle, elifana nokumomotheka okufudumele.Ubuso bayo obumamathekayo bubonisa umphumela ohlukile wezinhlangothi ezintathu ezigobile, njengophiko olulula futhi olubushelelezi olulenga emoyeni.Lesi sihlalo samagobolondo sinemibala ecebile, futhi amajika aso amahle asenza sibe ngu-360° ngaphandle kwamakhona afile.
I-Egg Chair, ngo-1958
Umklami |U-Arne Jacobsen
Lesi sihlalo se-Egg, esivela kaningi ezindaweni zokungcebeleka ezihlukahlukene, siwumsebenzi wobuciko womklamo wefenisha waseDenmark - uJacobsen.Lesi sihlalo samaqanda sigqugquzelwa yisihlalo sesibeletho, kodwa amandla okugoqa awaqinile njengesihlalo sesibeletho futhi abanzi kakhulu.
Idalwe ngo-1958 endaweni yokwamukela izivakashi kanye nendawo yokwamukela i-Royal Hotel e-Copenhagen, lesi sihlalo se-Egg siwumsebenzi omele umklamo wefenisha wase-Danish manje.Njengesihlalo sesibeletho, lesi sihlalo samaqanda siyisihlalo esikahle sokuphumula.Futhi iyinhle kakhulu futhi iyinhle ngenkathi isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa.
Swan Chair, 1958
Umklami |U-Arne Jacobsen
I-Swan Chair iyifenisha yakudala eyaklanywa u-Jacobson yeRoyal Hotel of Scandinavian Airlines maphakathi ne-Copenhagen ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950.Idizayini kaJacobson inesimo esiqinile sokuqoshwa kanye nolimi lokumodela lwemvelo, ihlanganisa ukubunjwa okuqoshiwe kwamahhala nokushelelayo kanye nezici zendabuko zomklamo weNordic futhi yenze umsebenzi ube ngokwakho zombili izici zokuthungwa okungavamile nesakhiwo esiphelele.
Idizayini enjalo yakudala isenayo intelezi ephawulekayo nanamuhla.Isihlalo se-Swan siwumfanekiso wempilo yemfashini kanye nokunambitha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-16-2022